Q.In the geared stepper motor specifications table, there is maximum holding torque, permissible torque, and maximum instantaneous torque. What are the differences between them?

Maximum holding torque, permissible torque, and maximum instantaneous torque are explained below.

Maximum Holding Torque
This is the max. holding torque (holding force) the motor has when power is supplied (at rated current) but the motor is not rotating. (With geared types, the value of holding torque considers the permissible strength of the gear.)
Depending on the product, the value may decrease due to automatic current cutback function during motor standstill.
For the actual value, check the holding torque at motor standstill.

Permissible Torque
The permissible torque represents the max. value limited by the mechanical strength of the gearhead output shaft when operated at a constant speed.
For geared types other than the TS geared, PS geared, PN geared, HPG geared, and harmonic geared types, the total torque including acceleration and deceleration torque should not exceed the permissible torque.

Maximum Instantaneous Torque (TS geared, PS geared, PN geared, HPG geared, and harmonic geared types)
This is the max. torque that can be applied to the gearhead output shaft during acceleration/deceleration operation such when a load inertia is started and stopped.